QUANTUM CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 31.6 : In N + 1 Rule in Quantum Chemistry, whenever a spin 1 / 2 nucleus is adjacent to N other nuclei, it is split into N + 1 distinct peaks. In 1 peak or singlet, there is only 1 magnitude. In 2 peaks or doublet, the ratio of magnitude of each peak is 1 : 1. In 3 peaks or triplet, the ratio of magnitude of each peak is 1 : 2 : 1. In 4 peaks or quartet, the ratio of magnitude of each peak is 1 : 3 : 3 : 1. In 5 peaks or quintet, the ratio of magnitude of each peak is 1 : 4 : 6 : 4 : 1. (a) By using binomial coefficients or Triangle of Pascal find the ratio of magnitude of each peak if 6 peaks exists. (b) How many adjacent nuclei are available in a spin 1 / 2 nucleus in such situation of 6 peaks?
QUANTUM CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING - ANSWER 31.6 : (a) 1 : 5 : 10 : 10 : 5 : 1, since (0 + 1) : (1 + 4) : (4 + 6) : (6 + 4) : (4 + 1) : (1 + 0) with reference to the ratio of magnitude of each peak in quintet. (b) Number of adjacent nuclei = Number of peaks - 1 = 6 - 1 = 5. The answer is given by Kang Chuen Tat; PO Box 6263, Dandenong, Victoria VIC 3175, Australia; SMS +61405421706; chuentat@hotmail.com; http://kangchuentat.wordpress.com.
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what is the difference between psv and prv?
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IS BTech chemical distance education degree from JRN Rajasthan vidyapeth by SSK engineering college Tamilnadu aprooved from UGC or AICTE?
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING FOR ENGINEERS - EXAMPLE 17.3 : (a) The byte is the basic building block of computer data used in chemical engineering process simulation where 16 bits make a word, 4 bits make a nibble, 32 bits make a quad word and 8 bits make a byte. Then how many nibbles are there in a megabytes? (b) In computer data items, let : 1 bit - counts from 0 to 1, 8 bits - counts from 0 to 255, 16 bits - counts from 0 to A. What is the value of A? (c) In a binary system of 4 bits, if 1100 = 12, 1101 = 13, 1110 = 14, 1111 = 15, B = 16, then guess the value of B. (d) By using any form of tools, find the exact value of 2 power 64 or 2^64.
Question 61 – A biochemical trolley of mass 15 kg is towing a trailer of mass 5 kg along a straight horizontal pathway. The trailer and the trolley are connected by a light inextensible tow-bar. The engine of the trolley exerts a driving force of magnitude 100 N. The trailer and the trolley experience resistances of magnitude 10 N and 30 N respectively. (a) Form 2 equations with unknowns T and a, that represents the equilibrium for the 2 systems of the trolley and trailer. (b) Solve the simultaneous equations from the 2 equations that are obtained in part (a) of this question. T is the tension of the tow-bar and a is the acceleration.
QUANTUM COMPUTING - EXAMPLE 32.10 : In quantum computing, the conversion of Control Not (CNOT) gate in two input quantum bit gate could be decribed as : | 00 > --> | 00 >, | 01 > --> | 01 >, | 10 > --> | 11 >, | 11 > --> | 10 >. If | P > = 0.707 ( | 01 > - | 11 > ), find the value of CNOT | P >.
NATURAL GAS ENGINEERING - QUESTION 26.2 : (a) The Hyperion sewage plant in Los Angeles burns 8 million cubic feet of natural gas per day to generate power in United States of America. If 1 metre = 3.28084 feet, then how many cubic metres of such gas is burnt per hour? (b) A reservoir of natural gas produces 50 mole % methane and 50 mole % ethane. At zero degree Celsius and one atmosphere, the density of methane gas is 0.716 g / L and the density of ethane gas is 1.3562 mg / (cubic cm). The molar mass of methane is 16.04 g / mol and molar mass of ethane is 30.07 g / mol. (i) Find the mass % of methane and ethane in the natural gas. (ii) Find the average density of the natural gas mixture in the reservoir at zero degree Celsius and one atmosphere, by assuming that the gases are ideal where final volume of the gas mixture is the sum of volume of the individual gases at constant temperature and pressure. (iii) Find the average density of the natural gas mixture in the reservoir at zero degree Celsius and one atmosphere, by assuming that the final mass of the gas mixture is the sum of mass of the individual gases. Assume the gases are ideal where mole % = volume % at constant pressure and temperature.
CHEMICAL ENERGY BALANCE - EXAMPLE 11.4 : Calculate the bubble temperature T at P = 85-kPa for a binary liquid with x(1) = 0.4. The liquid solution is ideal. The saturation pressures are Psat(1) = exp [ 14.3 - 2945 / (T + 224) ], Psat(2) = exp [ 14.2 - 2943 / (T + 209) ] where T is in degree Celsius. Please take note that x(1) + x(2) = 1. Please take note that y(1) + y(2) = 1, y(1) = [ x(1) * Psat(1) ] / P, y(2) = [ x(2) * Psat(2) ] / P, * is multiplication. P is in kPa.
Name some factors to consider when trying choosing between a dry screw compressor and an oil-flooded screw compressor?
PROCESS CONTROL - EXAMPLE 6.2 : A stream with volumetric flow rate Q enters a cylindrical tank and a stream with volumetric flow rate q exits the tank. The fluid has a constant heat capacity and density. There is no temperature change or chemical reaction occurring in the tank. Develop a model for determining the height of the tank, h. Let V is the volume, A is the cross sectional area, r is the density, m is the mass, where V and A are for the tank, r and m are for the fluid. The rate of mass of fluid accumulation, dm / dt = (Q - q) r. Prove the model to be dh / dt = (Q - q) / A.
A distillation column separates 10000 kg / hr of a mixture containing equal mass of benzene and toluene. The product D recovered from the condenser at the top of the column contains 95 % benzene, and the bottom W from the column contains 96 % toluene. The vapor V entering the condenser from the top of the column is 8000 kg / hr. A portion of the product from the condenser is returned to the column as reflux R, and the rest is withdrawn as the final product D. Assume that V, R, and D are identical in composition since V is condensed completely. Find the ratio of the amount refluxed R to the product withdrawn D. Hint : Solve the simultaneous equations as follow in order to find the answer (R / D) : 10000 = D + W; 10000 (0.5) = D (0.95) + W (0.04); 8000 = R + D.
REACTION ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 13.3 : The half-life for first order reaction could be described in the differential equation dC / dt = -kC where k is a constant, C is concentration and t is time. (a) Find the equation of C as a function of t. (b) Find the half life for such reaction or the time required to reduce 50 % of the initial concentration, where k = 0.139 per minute. (c) When the initial concentration Co is 16 mol / cubic metre, how long does the reaction required to achieve the final concentration of 1 mol / cubic metre?