COMPUTER PROGRAMMING FOR ENGINEERS - EXAMPLE 17.3 : (a) The byte is the basic building block of computer data used in chemical engineering process simulation where 16 bits make a word, 4 bits make a nibble, 32 bits make a quad word and 8 bits make a byte. Then how many nibbles are there in a megabytes? (b) In computer data items, let : 1 bit - counts from 0 to 1, 8 bits - counts from 0 to 255, 16 bits - counts from 0 to A. What is the value of A? (c) In a binary system of 4 bits, if 1100 = 12, 1101 = 13, 1110 = 14, 1111 = 15, B = 16, then guess the value of B. (d) By using any form of tools, find the exact value of 2 power 64 or 2^64.
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING FOR ENGINEERS - ANSWER 17.3 : (a) 4 bits as a nibble, then 8 bits as 2 nibbles and as a byte. Finally a megabytes make 2 meganibbles. (b) By induction, final number of count = 2 power (number of bit) - 1. For 16 bits, A = 2 power 16 - 1 = 65536 - 1 = 65535. (c) Undetermined and no answer for B since 1111 = 15 is maximum in a binary system of 4 bits. (d) By using web calculator, 2^64 = 18446744073709551616. The answer is given by Kang Chuen Tat; PO Box 6263, Dandenong, Victoria VIC 3175, Australia; SMS +61405421706; chuentat@hotmail.com; http://kangchuentat.wordpress.com.
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QUANTUM BIOLOGY - EXAMPLE 33.8 : (a) Let ^ be the symbol of power where 1 ^ 2 = 1 x 1 = 1, 2 ^ 2 = 2 x 2 = 4. Let the number of electrons in a human body to be 10 ^ 28 = A, the number of all of the grains of sand on Earth planet to be 7 x (10 ^ 20) = B, the number of all the stars in the visible sky to be 8 x (10 ^ 3) = C. By assuming that every star in the visible sky has the same number of grains of sand as on Earth planet, prove by mathematical calculations that there are more electrons in one human body compared to the number of all of the grains of sand on the stars in the visible sky. (b) The incoming solar radiation to the Earth's surface is mainly from sun. Around 51 % of the radiation is absorbed by Earth's surface. Around 19 % is absorbed by atmosphere and clouds. In term of reflection, 4 % of the radiation is from surface of Earth, 6 % is reflected by atmosphere and the rest is reflected by clouds. Find the percentage of radiation absorbed by and reflected by biological beings on Earth, with reason for your response.
ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.28 : In the development of a small engineering facility for biochemical processing, completed contract method is applied in its construction accounting. In a short contract period, let the (contract price) = A. Let the (costs to date) = B; (estimated cost to complete) = C. (a) Find the values of : (i) estimated total costs; (ii) total estimated profit; (iii) percent completion to date. (b) If the project contract is 100 % completed : (i) find the total gross profit recognized; (ii) what is the exact numerical value of C?
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