Answer / ganesan govarthinam

when power factor is unity,then industries receive active
power or useful power only i.e KW=KVA
If it is lagging PF,the industries receive both useful power
(KW) and reactive power(useless power)(KVAr).To meet this
reactive power, distribution transformer capacity also to
be increased.Then only we can avoid low voltage,losses
etc.
So we have to provide APFC panel to bring the pf to unity

Answer / rajeev

APFC Panel is used to maintain the power factor near unity
by adding capacitance across the load.
P = V x I x Power factor.
100 = 100 x 1 x 1 ( Idle case)
If power factor decrease to 0.1
100 = 100 x 10 x 0.1

Here we can observe that current in circuit increased
from 1 amp to 10 amp with decrease in power factor from 1
to 0.1

This is the effect of low power factor in system. Due to
this increased current higher rating of cables , breakers
etc required. also due to this increased current we require
more power generated as MVA demand shoots up.

Answer / surender singh

In industrial area's due to inductive loads the power factor
becomes low. As the PF low, the inductive power also becomes
low.To raise the power we use APFC Panel.

Answer / umashankar

The ideal Power Factor (PF) is Unity or 1, but most
Industrial loads have a PF lower than 1. Moreover, this
lower PF is usually due to Inductive loads, arising out of
the windings of Transformers, Motors,etc. These loads
consume kVARs (the Wattless component) from the supply
line. The APFC supplies these kVARs via a capacitor located
close to the load, reducing the current drawn from the
supply line. For an Industry with dynamically changing
loads, Automatic PF Compensation affords the best Return on
Investment, since the kVAR investment required is smaller
than with fixed capacitors needed to meet the entire load.

Answer / kirti harinkhede

In industry most of the load is inductive in nature which
results in lagging power factor that is why there is loss
and wastage of energy which results in high power bills and
heavy penalties from electricity boards. If the load is
uneven it is very difficult to maintain unity power factor.
To overcome this difficulty APFC panel is used which
maintains unity P.F.

Answer / sunil.dutta

lower Power factor,s harms every one knows, but we use a
capacitor panel to confirm our p.f. not crossing limits
causing government penalty on lower p.f of plant.

Answer / gautam makavana

What is the function of reactor in LT &HT Apfc panel ? And why it is used ?

Answer / ramendra shukla

Automatic power factor correction Panels are used in
Industry for maintaining the power factor close by unity &
for reducing Reactive power component by the auto
functioning(with solid state device) of Capacitor Banks.
and by getting the Pf close to unit we will also get the
incentive(as per respective PF slab) from Energy providing
co.
In case of low pf it means the current is lagging behind
with voltage and we are having the reactive power in
syatem.So system will take more active than earlier.

Answer / vivek

if we increase the pf as unity we get healthy power and no harmonic present ion that system. so that losses is decreses and our equipment runs up to full efficiency. so that we reduce the tarrif.and finally save electricity save money..

Answer / gunasekaran

kva=kw+kvar
apparant power is constant because our TR rating we cannot
alter so if KVAR is incress active power is decress so we
cannot use power for useful for that at the same time for
low PF it draw more currrent so we have to design the
appaliences for higher rating.

hi i have a 400kva transformer i want to know the test i can use to check on it thx

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