Answer / Smriti Chauhan

An oil surge relay (OSR) and a Buchholz relay are both protective devices used in oil-filled transformers and circuit breakers, but they serve different purposes. An OSR is designed to protect against overvoltage caused by electrical surges or lightning strikes. It operates based on the dielectric strength of the insulating oil and opens the circuit when a predetermined voltage level is exceeded. On the other hand, a Buchholz relay is used to detect abnormal gases (like hydrogen) generated during thermal or electrical faults inside the transformer. It operates based on the pressure difference between the transformer's oil and gas chambers.

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