Answer / jawwad siddique

A surge capacitor is used to mitigate (minimize) voltage
surges. Capacitor impedance can be modeled as 1/jwC, j = i =
imaginary value used in vectors, w is the frequency, and C
is the capacitance. A fairly small capacitor on the input to
a power supplying circuit will have a large impedance, and
so will impact the circuit operation very little due to the
low power frequency. Surges are high frequency. When a surge
occurs, the capacitor impedance appears much smaller to the
high frequency surge, effectively shunting the surge energy
to ground; this minimizes the surge with respect to the
protected circuitry.

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