NATURAL GAS ENGINEERING - QUESTION 26.1 : (a) In natural gas pipe sizing, the length of the pipe from the gas source metre to the farthest appliances is 60 feet. The maximum capacities for typical metallic pipes of 60 feet in length are : 66 cubic feet per hour for pipe size of 0.5 inches; 138 cubic feet per hour for pipe size of 0.75 inches; 260 cubic feet per hour for pipe size of 1 inch. By using the longest run method : (i) Find the best pipe size needed for the capacity of 75 cubic feet per hour. (ii) Estimate the suitable range of capacities for the pipe size of 1 inch. (b) The maximum capacities for typical metallic pipes of 50 feet in length are : 73 cubic feet per hour for pipe size of 0.5 inches; 151 cubic feet per hour for pipe size of 0.75 inches; 285 cubic feet per hour for pipe size of 1 inch. By using the branch method find the best pipe size needed for the capacity of 75 cubic feet per hour when the length of the pipe from the gas source metre to the appliance is 52 feet.
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NATURAL GAS ENGINEERING - ANSWER 26.1 : (a)(i) Best pipe size needed = 0.75 inches for the capacity of 75 cubic feet per hour. Data for a metallic pipe of 60 feet in length and maximum capacity of 138 cubic feet per hour instead of 66 cubic feet per hour are selected. (ii) Range is more than 138 but less than or equal to 260 cubic feet per hour for pipe size of 1 inch. (b) Best pipe size needed = 0.75 inches for the capacity of 75 cubic feet per hour. Data for a metallic pipe of 60 feet in length instead of 50 feet and maximum capacity of 138 cubic feet per hour instead of 66 cubic feet per hour are selected. The answer is given by Kang Chuen Tat; PO Box 6263, Dandenong, Victoria VIC 3175, Australia; SMS +61405421706; chuentat@hotmail.com; http://kangchuentat.wordpress.com.
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NATURAL GAS ENGINEERING - ANSWER 26.1 : (a)(i) Best pipe size needed = 0.75 inches for the capacity of 75 cubic feet per hour. Data for a metallic pipe of 60 feet in length and maximum capacity of 138 cubic feet per hour instead of 66 cubic feet per hour are selected. (ii) Range is more than 138 but less than or equal to 260 cubic feet per hour for pipe size of 1 inch. (b) Best pipe size needed = 0.75 inches for the capacity of 75 cubic feet per hour. Data for a metallic pipe of 60 feet in length instead of 50 feet and maximum capacity of 138 cubic feet per hour instead of 66 cubic feet per hour are selected. The answer is given by Kang Chuen Tat; PO Box 6263, Dandenong, Victoria VIC 3175, Australia; SMS +61405421706; chuentat@hotmail.com; http://kangchuentat.wordpress.com.
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Question 102 - (a) As an approximation, let v = Zc / 137 where v is the radial velocity for 1 s electron of an element, c is the speed of light, Z is the atomic number. For gold with Z = 79, find the radial velocity of its 1 s electron, in term of c and percentage of the speed of light. (b) As an approximation, let A x A = 1 - Z x Z / 18769 where A is the ratio of the relativistic and non-relativistic Bohr radius. Find the value of A.
CHEMICAL MATERIAL BALANCE – EXAMPLE 2.6 : According to Raoult's law for ideal liquid, x (PSAT) = yP where x is mole fraction of component in liquid, y is mole fraction of component in vapor, P is overall pressure and PSAT is saturation pressure. A liquid with 60 mole % component 1 and 40 mole % component 2 is flashed to 1210 kPa. The saturation pressure for component 1 is ln (PSAT) = 15 - 3010 / (T + 250) and for component 2 is ln (PSAT) = 14 - 2700 / (T + 205) where PSAT is in kPa and T is in degree Celsius. By assuming the liquid is ideal, calculate (a) the fraction of the effluent that is liquid; (b) the compositions of the liquid and vapor phases. The outlet T is 150 degree Celsius.
Question 110 - When an algebraic product is defined on the space, the Lie bracket is the commutator [x,y] = xy - yx according to Lie algebra in mathematics. If [p,x] f(x) = px f(x) - xp f(x), p = -ih d / dx, find the value of [p,x] in term of i and h.
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FOOD ENGINEERING - QUESTION 23.1 : (a) According to United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) (http://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/search/list, accessed 12 August 2016), 100 g of potatoes generate 77 kcal of energy. For raw tomatoes, 111 g have 18 kcal of energy. Question : How much energy will one gain if 150 g of heated potatoes are eaten with 200 g of raw tomatoes? (b) If 1 Calorie = 1 food Calorie = 1 kilocalorie and 1000 calories = 1 food Calorie, then how many Calories are there in 9600 calories? (c) According to a food package of potato chips, 210 Calories are produced per serving size of 34 g. In actual experiment of food calorimetry lab, 1.75 g of potato chips, when burnt, will produce 9.6 Calories. For each serving size of potato chip, find the difference of Calories between the actual experimental value and the value stated on the food package. (d) The specific heat of water is c = 1 cal / (g.K) where cal is calorie, g is gram and K is Kelvin. Then what is the temperature rise of water, in degree Celsius, when 150 g of water is heated by 9600 calories of burning food?