how do understand the plinth beam croos section diagram

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how do understand the plinth beam croos section diagram..

Answer / sjtbehera

Most soil conditions and building loads can be managed with
normal 1:2:4 plain concrete (PCC), which is good in taking
compression.

Steel, specially reinforced, is best to tackle tension,
which does not prevail much at the wall bottom.

It's the sheer wall load that needs to be transferred to the
foundation; as such, 4” thick plinth concrete is adequate.
As a cost-effective measure, reducing plinth concrete width
to the wall thickness, say 9” only instead of it being twice
the width at 1'6” is feasible, if appropriate conditions
prevail.

Uneven settlement

If so, why are the RCC plinth beams required? In soft and
water-logged soils, if the earth settles downwards, the
plinth may face uneven settlement.

In RCC frame structure, plinth acts as a tie, as a beam at
ground level itself. More recently, after few disasters we
have faced, RCC plinth beams are being recommended for their
earthquake-resistant properties.

In case of boulder-packed foundation in loose soil, RCC
plinth is advised to ensure proper load transfers. It is
obvious then that we should not question RCC plinths, but
question their wasteful application where not necessary