Answer / Krish

Reference protection (Pilot Protection) and Differential protection are both used for the protection of transformers but they function differently:n
1. Reference Protection (Pilot Protection):n
- Measures the current or voltage in a reference winding separate from the main winding.n
- Comparison is made between the current in the reference winding and a predetermined reference value set by the relay settings.n
- May not provide accurate protection if the transformer is unloaded or if there is an imbalance in the load distribution between phases.n

2. Differential Protection:n
- Measures the current difference between any two windings of the same transformer (usually primary and secondary).n
- Provides accurate protection even when the transformer is unloaded or there's an imbalance in the load distribution.n

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