PROCESS CONTROL - EXAMPLE 6.1 : In a Laplace Transform Table, the Laplace transfer function of f(t) is F(s). When d(t) = f(t) then 1 = F(s). When x(t) = f(t) then X(s) = F(s). If d(t) is the impulse of a spring when d(t) = kx(t), then derive the equation for the impulse of a spring as X(s) in term of k. Next question : A controller has a transfer function a and the other controller has a transfer function b. The overall transfer function of both controllers is ab. What is the transfer function overall when both controllers have similar transfer function 1 / (Cs + k)?

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design calculations for reactor

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Explain how can one estimate how the friction factor changes in heat exchanger tubes with a change in temperature?

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i am appearing in railway section engg. exam of chemical eng. therefore i want previous papers and study material of chemical eng.

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i want to knowwhat kind of questions in interview in adnoc?

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How can I evaluate the thermal relief requirements for double block-in of 98% sulfuric acid?

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What could be a possible cause for sudden foaming in a cooling tower?

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which thing is responsible for making petroleum?

6 Answers   OGDCL,

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ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.13 (CORRECTION) : (i) In the Present Value Multiplication Rule, let PV = present value, Ra = interest rate for first discount, A = duration for first discount; Rc = interest rate for second discount, C = duration for second discount. Let PV = [ 1 / (1 + Ra) ^ A ] [ 1 / (1 + Rc) ^ C ] where ^ is the symbol of power : 3 ^ 2 = 3 x 3, 2 ^ 3 = 2 x 2 x 2. (a) For discounts involving 8 % / year for 3 years and 10 % / year for 9 years, find the value of PV. (b) If Re = interest rate for third discount, E = duration of third discount, form a mathematical equation of PV as a function of A, C, E, Ra, Rc, Re. Note : Discounts are available in the purchase of certain biochemical engineering instruments. (ii) Let R = nominal interest rate related to growth rate of money, r = real interest rate related to growth rate of purchase power. If I = inflation, where the unit of R, r and I is %, find the mathematical relationship of r as a function of R and I.

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What is the characteristic length for slab?

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How can I remove/decrease TDS from sewage waste water? At the moment it is 900gm/l. What is recommended TDS level to dispose sewage water in sea?

2 Answers   OGDCL,

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ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 34.12 : You, as an engineer, buy a piece of biochemical instrument to start a servicing business. The instrument has a useful life of 3 years, that costs $60k. The instrumental business generates $100k per year. The labor costs $50k per year. The $60k new instrument depreciates in its value evenly up to 3 years, thereafter the old instrument needs to be replaced by another piece of new instrument. (i) In the first year of this engineering business : (a) what is its starting cash? (b) calculate the depreciation value of the instrument. (c) find the operating profit generated. (d) what is the capital expense of the business? (e) calculate the cash from operation. (f) calculate the ending cash. (ii) Based on the income statement of the business in the second year : (a) find the capital expense of the business. (b) what is its starting cash? (c) calculate the depreciation value of the instrument. (d) find the operating profit generated. (e) calculate the cash from operation. (f) calculate the ending cash.

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