Answer / mouli

Common Type System CTS :A fundamental part of the .NET
Framework's Common Language Runtime (CLR), the CTS
specifies no particular syntax or keywords, but instead
defines a common set of types that can be used with many
different language syntaxes.

Common Language Specification (CLS):The Common Language
Specification (CLS) describes a set of features that
different languages have in common.
The CLS includes a subset of the Common Type System (CTS).

The CLR is a multi-language execution environment

Answer / versha

CLR
this is common language runtime.the code which is in
environment of clr is called managed code.every language
has runtime in case of .net there is CLR.so that that has
some responsibilites that is to tack care of the execution
of code
other responsibilites
garbage collection-in that it remove the object which are
not refered for long time.using Idisposable interface with
dispose method

Jit compiler also convert IT to native code
In that include exception handling.etc

Cls
common language spefication
thsi is guideline that to communicate smoothly with other

CTS
common type system
this is used to communicate with other language.
example in vb we have int and in c++ we have long so that
in one case they are not compatiable with each other so
that CTS palys important role with using System.int32

Answer / dinesh parmar

What is the CTS?
A set of common types
any language that runs in CLR should implement
no syntax specified
Languages often define aliases
For example
CTS defines System.Int32 – 4 byte integer
C# defines int as an alias of System.Int32
string -> System.String
object -> System.Object

What is the CLS?
A specification of language features
how methods may be called
when constructors are called
subset of the types in CTS are allowed
E.g. UInt32 is in CTS, but not in CLS
Non-CLS-compliant example
Code that takes UInt32 in a public method
Can mark classes as CLS-compliant
not marked is assumed to mean not compliant.

Answer / sharda shukla

CLR stands for common language runtime.
CLR is the execution engine for .net framework.
It is also supports cross language interoperability.

Answer / ritu malhan

CTS: is a common time system. it is used to communicate with other languages.
CLS: stands for common language specifications,it describes common features of different languages.
CLR: stands for common language runtime, it is a runtime environment that manages the execution of .net program code and provide services such as memory.

Answer / manish

CLS:-
Common Type System (CTS) describes a set of types that can
be used in different .Net languages in common .

CLR:-
The common language runtime (CLR) is runtime environment
that convert manage code into native code.During the
execution of the program ,the Common Language Runtime (CLR)
manages memory, Thread execution, Garbage Collection (GC) ,
Exception Handling, Common Type System (CTS), code safety
verifications, and other system services.

Answer / rohit agarwal

CTS
.Net also defines a Common Type System (CTS). Like CLS, CTS
is also a set of standards. CTS defines the basic data
types that IL understands. Each .Net compliant language
should map its data types to these standard data types.
This makes it possible for the 2 languages to communicate
with each other by passing/receiving parameters to and from
each other. For example, CTS defines a type, Int32, an
integral data type of 32 bits (4 bytes) which is mapped by
C# through int and VB.Net through its Integer data type.
-------------

CLR
One of the most important component of .net f/w is clr
better known as runtime it provides functionalities such as
memory management , exception handling ,debugging ,code
execution verification compilation etc.
The runtime manages the execution of code .hence the code
that work on the clr is called MANAGED CODE
-----------
CLS
Microsoft has released a small set of specifications that
each language should meet to qualify as a .Net Compliant
Language. As IL is a very rich language, it is not
necessary for a language to implement all the
IL functionality; rather, it merely needs to meet a small
subset of CLS to qualify as a .Net compliant language. CLS
basically addresses language design issues and lays down
certain standards. For instance, there shouldn't be any
global function declarations, no pointers, no multiple
inheritance and things like that.

Answer / janu

the Common Language Runtime (CLR) is programming that manages the execution of programs written in any of several supported languages, allowing them to share common object-oriented class es written in any of the languages.

Answer / shekar

To establish a framework that helps enable cross-language integration, type safety, and high performance code execution .
To provide an object-oriented model that supports the complete implementation of many programming languages.
To define rules that languages must follow, which helps ensure that objects written in different languages can interact with each other.
The CTS also defines the rules that ensures that the data types of objects written in various languages are able to interact with each other.
The CTS also specifies the rules for type visibility and access to the members of a type, i.e. the CTS establishes the rules by which assemblies form scope for a type, and the Common Language Runtime enforces the visibility rules.
The CTS defines the rules governing type inheritance, virtual methods and object lifetime.
Languages supported by .NET can implement all or some common data types

The Common Language Infrastructure is an open specification developed by Microsoft and standardized by ISO[1] and ECMA[2] that describes the executable code and runtime environment that form the core of the Microsoft .NET Framework and the free and open source implementations Mono and Portable.NET. The specification defines an environment that allows multiple high-level languages to be used on different computer platforms without being rewritten for specific architectures.

The Common Language Runtime (CLR) is the virtual machine component of Microsoft's .NET framework and is responsible for managing the execution of .NET programs. In a process known as just-in-time (JIT) compilation, the CLR compiles the intermediate language code known as Common Intermediate Language (CIL) into the machine instructions that in turn are executed by the computer's CPU. The CLR provides additional services including memory management, type safety and exception handling. All programs written for the .NET framework, regardless of programming language, are executed by the CLR. It provides exception handling, Garbage collection and thread management.
The CLR is Microsoft's implementation of the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) standard.

Answer / nagesh n

CLR - CTS - CLS

The .NET Framework provides a runtime environment called the
Common Language Runtime or CLR (similar to the Java Virtual
Machine or JVM in Java), which handles the execution of code
and provides useful services for the implementation of the
program.

The Common Language Runtime is the underpinning of the .NET
Framework. CLR takes care of code management at program
execution and provides various beneficial services such as
memory management, thread management, security management,
code verification, compilation, and other system services.
The managed code that targets CLR benefits from useful
features such as cross-language integration, cross-language
exception handling, versioning, enhanced security,
deployment support, and debugging.

Common Type System (CTS) describes how types are declared,
used and managed in the runtime and facilitates
cross-language integration, type safety, and high
performance code execution.

The Common Language Specification (CLS) is an agreement
among language designers and class library designers to use
a common subset of basic language features that all
languages have to follow.

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