Define the terms Accuracy, precission, Spam, process tolerance while doing cal

Define the terms Accuracy, precission, Spam, process
tolerance while doing calibration of an instrument?
Explaini with an example?

Question Posted / chandrasekarapandian

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Define the terms Accuracy, precission, Spam, process tolerance while doing calibration of an instr..

Answer / Vijay Kumar Pathak

["Here's a brief explanation of the terms:

1. Accuracy: Refers to how close the measured value is to the true or accepted value. An instrument with high accuracy produces results that closely match the actual value. Example: A ruler measuring 30 cm accurately would have its length very close to exactly 30 cm.
2. Precision: Indicates how reproducible measurements are when making repeated measurements under the same conditions. An instrument with high precision provides consistent and reliable results, even though they may not be accurate. Example: A scale that gives varying weights for the same object has low precision.
3. Spam: Not directly related to calibration but refers to unwanted or irrelevant data in digital systems. In a calibration context, it can lead to false readings. Example: Noise in electronic signals can be considered spam.
4. Process Tolerance: Represents the total allowable deviation of a measured quantity from its target value due to both random and systematic errors (including repeatability, reproducibility, and accuracy). This is often defined as the sum of gauge tolerance, instrument tolerance, and functional tolerance."]

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