Answer / rajkumar

Systems, predominantly computing and computer-based systems,
which tolerate undesired changes in their internal structure
or external environment. Such changes, generally referred to
as faults, may occur at various times during the evolution
of a system, beginning with its specification and proceeding
through its utilization. Faults that occur during
specification, design, implementation, or modification are
called design faults; those occurring during utilization are
referred to as operational faults, The use of fault
tolerance techniques is based on the premise that a complex
system, no matter how carefully designed and validated, is
likely to contain residual design faults and to encounter
unpreventable operational faults.

Generally, fault tolerance techniques attempt to prevent
lower-level errors (caused by faults) from propagating into
system failures. By using various types of structural and
informational redundancy, such techniques either mask a
fault (no errors are propagated to the faulty subsystem's
output) or detect a fault (via an error) and then effect a
recovery process which, if successful, prevents a system
failure. In the case of a permanent internal fault, the
recovery process usually includes some form of structural
reconfiguration (for example, replacement of a faulty
subsystem with a spare or use of an alternate program) which
prevents the fault from causing further errors. Typically, a
fault-tolerant system design will incorporate a mix of fault
tolerance techniques which complement the techniques used
for fault prevention

Answer / gnb

It's advance version of Redundant.

Redundant: If one processor having one backup processor and
primary fils then secondary will take action and control
the process.

Fault tolerant: Here two processors available and two will
be active but one will be the master and backup will be
slave processor. Here we can avoid the switching time.

who discoverd ohms law?

6 Answers   HPCL, Patni,

---

what is the meaning of GK value(fullform) in flowmeter ?

3 Answers   Essar,

---

I saw one P&ID 6" control valve has been connected with 8" process line, and 2" valve also connected in parallel with 6" valve. why the 2" valve connected in parallel, Is there any technical reason. please clarify. With Regards-Kittu

5 Answers   GNFC,

---

When doing a liquid seal on a differential flow transmitter , most of the time the sealing liquid will be heavier then the process fluid. For wich application will the sealing liquid be lighter than the process fluid if transmitter is mounted below the process line.

0 Answers   Chevron,

---

what is the dp across a orifice plate & how much is permanent pressure across an orifice plate.

2 Answers   HPCL,

---

applications of plc in printing and packaging?

0 Answers  

---

Instrument QA/Qc what is the project quality plan?conduit inspection RFI. which documents attache with package?

0 Answers  

---

what is the output of conductivity sensor and PH sensor?

3 Answers  

---

how to know power plant process with corresbonding laws&thoeries

1 Answers   Bhel,

---

How to Calibrate Ultrasonic flow Transmitter in Field

0 Answers  

---

What is flow ,level, pressure transmitter ?and units?

2 Answers  

---

CAN WE CALIBRATE LEVEL TRANSMITTER USING HART COMMUNICATOR WHEN WATER LEVEL IS PRESENT IN THE BOILER SHELL?

4 Answers   Chemin, Emerson,

---