Answer / tirlangi gireesh

To compute the P/V Ratio, Break-Even Point, and Margin of Safety, let's start with the given data:

i) At the current level:
- Sales: Rs. 60,000
- Variable Cost: Rs. 30,000
- Fixed Cost: Rs. 15,000

**1. P/V Ratio:**
P/V Ratio = (Contribution / Sales) * 100

Contribution = Sales - Variable Cost
Contribution = Rs. 60,000 - Rs. 30,000 = Rs. 30,000

P/V Ratio = (30,000 / 60,000) * 100 = 50%

**2. Break-Even Point:**
Break-Even Point (in units) = Fixed Costs / Contribution per unit

Contribution per unit = (Sales per unit - Variable cost per unit)
Contribution per unit = (60,000 / Number of units) - (30,000 / Number of units)

Let's assume the number of units sold is 'x':
Contribution per unit = (60,000 / x) - (30,000 / x) = (60,000 - 30,000) / x = Rs. 30,000 / x

Break-Even Point (in units) = 15,000 / (30,000 / x) = 0.5x units

**3. Margin of Safety:**
Margin of Safety = Actual Sales - Break-Even Sales
Margin of Safety = Rs. 60,000 - (0.5x * Rs. 60,000) = Rs. 60,000 - Rs. 30,000 = Rs. 30,000

ii) With a 10% increase in selling price:
New Sales = Rs. 60,000 + 10% of Rs. 60,000 = Rs. 66,000

Recompute P/V Ratio, Break-Even Point, and Margin of Safety using the new sales figure.

iii) With a 10% decrease in selling price:
New Sales = Rs. 60,000 - 10% of Rs. 60,000 = Rs. 54,000

Recompute P/V Ratio, Break-Even Point, and Margin of Safety using the new sales figure.

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