QUANTUM CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 31.1 : As an approximation, let v = Zc / 137 where v is the radial velocity for 1 s electron of an element, c is the speed of light, Z is the atomic number. For gold with Z = 79, find the radial velocity of its 1 s electron, in term of c and percentage of the speed of light. (b) As an approximation, let A x A = 1 - Z x Z / 18769 where A is the ratio of the relativistic and non-relativistic Bohr radius. Find the value of A.
QUANTUM CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING - ANSWER 31.1 : (a) Approximately v = Zc / 137 = (79 / 137) c = 0.5766 c or 57.66 % of the speed of light. (b) Approximately A x A = 1 - Z x Z / 18769 = 1 - 79 x 79 / 18769 = 0.667 then A = 0.817. The answer is given by Kang Chuen Tat; PO Box 6263, Dandenong, Victoria VIC 3175, Australia; SMS +61405421706; chuentat@hotmail.com; http://kangchuentat.wordpress.com.
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Question 65 – A differential equation is given as y” + 5y’ + 6y = 0, y(0) = 2 and y’(0) = 3. By using Laplace transform, an engineer has correctly produced the equation L {y} = (2s + 13) / [(s + 2)(s + 3)] = A / (s + 2) + B (s + 3). (a) Find the values of A and B. (b) The inversed Laplace transform of 1 / (s + a) is given by exp (-at) where a is a constant. If the statement : L {y} = 9 L { exp (-2t) } - 7 L { exp (-3t) } is correct, find the equation of y as a function of t as a solution to the differential equation stated in the beginning of this question. When L {d} = 9 L {b} - 7 L {c}, then d = 9b - 7c with b, c and d are unknowns.
Question 94 - The resolution of separation, Rs for chromatography is given by the formula Rs = (difference in retention time) / (average width at the base). In a chromatogram, 3 peaks a, b and c are found. Average widths W at the bases of the solutes are : Wa = 20 s, Wb = 40 s, Wc = 30 s. Resolutions of separation, Rs for solutes b and c in comparison to a are 2 and 4 respectively. The differences in retention times T for b and c in comparison to a are (Tb - Ta) and (Tc - Ta), Ta = Tc - Tb : (a) Form 2 equations involving Rs as a function of Wa, Wb, Wc, Ta, Tb and Tc. (b) Find the values of Ta, Tb and Tc.
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ENGINEERING NUMERICAL METHODS - EXAMPLE 19.2 : For a mixture of benzene (B), toluene (T) and xylene (X), the equation applies where x for B, T and X will sum up to 1. The equation of x for each component is x = (L / V + 1) (F) / (L / V + K). The data of F for each component are : 0.5 for B, 0.35 for T, 0.15 for X. The data of K for each component are : 1.98 for B, 0.76 for T, 0.24 for X. When x for B + x for T + x for X = 1, find the values of (a) L / V; (b) x for each component of B, T, X respectively. You may use Excel program - Data : What-If-Analysis for Goal Seek to perform the iterative calculations.
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