Answer / niyas

Load shedding is what electric utilities do when there is a
huge demand for electricity that exceeds the generation
available. The alternative is to have a brown-out where the
voltage is reduced.

It costs a lot to have generators standing by just in case
there is a surge of demand, and the operators of those
generators expect to be paid whether they run the
generators or not. An alternative is if there is a large
consumer of electricity (say, a factory) that could
suddenly turn off all its electricity demand, they could
agree to do that on request, and it has the same benefit as
adding that amount of generation to the electric grid. In
fact, it's better as there is less demand on the wires
which are often saturated at the same time.

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