Answer / balaji

if it is measured in kw then it means only real power is being calculated so we are neglecting reactive power hence consumer will be paying less , this is the reason why pf meters are placed in industries along with ordinary meters ( to measure reactive power )

Answer / amit kumar debnath

If meter is in KWH then if the pf of consumer load is less
then consumer has to be paid less. So, it is advantageous
from the point of view of Electricity board as loss is
more. If on the otherhand meter is in KVAR, then it is
advantageous from the point of view Electricity Board as
consumer(having lesser pf) has to be paid more.

Answer / lokesh ranjith

KWH includes both losses & actual power, ie Kw = KVA X pf
KVAH is only an actual consumptions

Answer / julio trujillo, pe

Answer #1 got it in reverse.

KVA = KW + KVAR, so actually KVAH would register the full use of energy.

In the past, when A/Cs, computers, and electronics were not much, KWH was precise enough. Now these equipments are ubiquitous which have raised the use of reactive power considerably. So, besides having an inherent loss of metering in KWH, there is an increase of line losses and consequently in the use of fuel at the power plant.

KVAH metering would register the KVAR use and push for people and companies to improve on the efficiency of their consumption.

The question is why the industry still maintains KWH billing? I think it's because, as people don't really know what's happening, they can play with the rate and other conditions to get more $$$. Although, as losses increases, this kind of thinking doesn't make sense anymore.

I'm trying to push for KVAH in my company. We already have meters that can register on that unit, so it's a matter of programming, and, the most difficult part, legislation.

Answer / maurits paath

KVAH = apparent energy = total energy
KWH = active energy

In the modern loads with poor PF that generate harmonics problem is impossible measured by KWH, because the reacive power definition (KVAR) under harmonics condition is still debatable by the experts until now.

So, for the fairness solution is full used KVAH as Singular Tariff, which utility giving the discount tariff for customer that improve PF to lower bill, on other side utility received losses reduction in the line network.

Just info, the nations are full implemenented singular tariff of KVAH are India and Malta.

Thanks...

Answer / julio trujillo, pe

I thank Maurits Paath for the info on Malta, I didn't know they adopted the KVAh unit and now 2 countries are ahead on power metering.

It's interesting that we still refer as "poor PF" or "harmonics problem" when talking about load characteristics. We must change these perceptions, specially when metering is involved. These were problems when meters couldn't read them; as we already have meters that register KVAh then we can bill the whole energy use.

Of course, there's still an infrastructure issue because harmonics produce heat, vibration, and "noise". Also, large reactive loads produce power leakage towards earth. These must be dealt with, and billing for them will provide funding.

There's another issue; researching I found that meter companies have not reached a uniform method for KVA calculation or a direct means of measurment. Thus, there will be different readings between meter brands. Although the difference shouldn't be large, a standard should be established, and this will happen when demand for the product increases.

So, actual metering losses is solved with KVAh register adoption. Demand for these meters will push for a standard establishment. And new profits, along with client's request for lower bills, will provide for better infrastructure. This is progress.

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