Answer / oracleapps_learner

BIND VARIABLE :
-- are used to replace a single value in sql, pl/sql
-- bind variable may be used to replace expressions in
select, where, group, order by, having, connect by, start
with cause of queries.
-- bind reference may not be referenced in FROM clause (or)
in place of reserved words or clauses.
LEXICAL REFERENCE:
-- you can use lexical reference to replace the clauses
appearing AFTER select, from, group by, having, connect by,
start with.
-- you can?t make lexical reference in a pl/sql statmetns.

Answer / alladi venkateswarlu

1)BIND PARAMETERS ARE USED TO PASS NUMERIC VALUES TO THE
QUERY AT RUN TIME.INCLUDING DATE TYPE ALSO
LEXICAL PARAMETERS ARE USED TO PASS ANY TYPE OF
PARAMETERS.

2)BIND PARAMETERS ARE STARTED WITH :(COLON) SYMBOL
WHERE LEXICAL PARAMETERS START WITH &(AMPERSAND) SYMBOL
3)BIND PARAMETERS ARE USED IN ANY CLAUSE(SELECT,ORDER
BY,GROUP BY,..) OTHER THAN FROM CLAUSE IN THE QUERY
WHERE AS LEXICAL PARAMETERS ARE USED IN ALL CLAUSES EVEN
IN FROM CLAUSE
4)BIND PARAMETERS AE USED IN BOTH SQL AND PL/SQL
WHERE LEXICAL PARAMETERS ARE USED IN ONLY SQL

Answer / sam

Bind references are used to replace a single value in SQL
or PL/SQL. Specifically, bind references may be used to
replace expressions in SELECT, WHERE, GROUP BY, ORDER BY,
HAVING,CONNECT BY, and START WITH clauses of queries.
Bind references may not be used in a FROM clause.
An example is:
SELECT ORDID,TOTAL
FROM ORD
WHERE CUSTID = :CUST

Lexical references are placeholders for text that you embed
in a SELECT statement, when you want the parameter to
substitute multiple values at runtime. You can use lexical
references to replace the clauses appearing after SELECT,
FROM, WHERE, GROUP BY, ORDER BY, HAVING, CONNECT BY, and
START WITH. You cannot make lexical references in PL/SQL.
Before you reference a lexical parameter in a query you
must have predefined the parameter and given it an initial
value.
An example is:
SELECT ORDID, TOTAL
FROM &ATABLE

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