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Explain the Groups of Cryptogams ?
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These are lower cryptograms in which plant body is not
differentiated into the root stem and leaf.
Algae, Bacteria and Funji comes under Thallophyta
Algae: - Are commonly green Thallophyta containing chlorophyll.
Bacteria :- There are smallest known organism not visible to
the naked eye. These are unicellular, not green, spherical
or rod like.
Fungi :- these are non-green Thallophyta. These grow on land
as parasites or saprophytes e.g., mushroom, puff ball etc.
Bryophyta are those in which plant body may be thalloid or
leafy. They develop some root like structures called
rhizoids in which conducting systems is simple and primitive.
There are two groups of Bryopphyta :-
(a) Liverwrots or thalloid Bryophyte e.g. Riccia.
(b) Mosses or leafy Bryoppyta e.g. true mosses.
Pteridophyta are the highest group of cryptogams in which
plant body is differentiated into an underground horizontal
stem, well developed green leaves and true roots.
Phanerogams:- These are flowering or seed bearing plants.
These are divided into two main groups :-
(1) Gymnosperms :- Are nacked seed plants i.e. those in
which seeds are not enclosed in the fruit. There two main
groups gymnosperms.
(a) Cycads
(b) Conifers.
(2)Angiosperms :- Are closed-seed plants i.e. those in
which seeds enclosed in the fruit. There area two main
groups of angiosperms.
(a) Dicotytedons:- those in which embryo of the seed
bears two cotyledons and flower commonly bears 5 petals or
multiple of this number having tap root system and
reticulate venation.
(b) Monocotypedons :- Are smaller group of
angiosperms in which embryo of bears only one cotyledon and
flowers commonly bears system and parallel venation in the
leaves..
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