Your company has been assigned the IP address of 201.222.5.0 and require having 20 subnets. As the company’s network administrator, find the following:
a) the subnet mask (2 marks)
b) the number of useable subnets (2 marks)
c) the subnetwork address for the 4th subnet (2 marks)
d) the first usable IP address for the 4th subnet (2 marks)
e) the last usable IP address for the 4th subnet (2 marks)
f) the broadcast address for the 4th subnet. (2 marks)
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Answer / Manju Rani
a) The subnet mask is derived by subtracting the number of bits used for the network and host portions from the total number of bits in an IPv4 address, which is 32. Since we need 20 subnets, let's use VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Masking) to minimize waste of addresses. Let's assign the first 10 subnets a /23 subnet mask (255.255.254.0), which provides 4 host bits and allows for up to 8 subnets per network. For the remaining subnets, we can use a /26 subnet mask (255.255.255.192) with 6 host bits and up to 64 hosts per network. Let's assign the next 10 subnets this /26 subnet mask: 201.222.*.*.192. c) The subnetwork address for the 4th subnet using a /23 subnet mask would be 201.222.5.**, where * is the number between 32 and 63 that makes the fourth octet a multiple of 64 (to match the /26 subnet mask). For example, if we choose 48 as our *, the subnetwork address would be: 201.222.5.48. d) The first usable IP address for the 4th subnet would be one more than the subnetwork address, which is: 201.222.5.49. e) To find the last usable IP address for the 4th subnet, we need to find the value of * such that the fourth octet plus 63 (the number of hosts minus one in a /26 subnet) is less than or equal to 255. Let's assume we have chosen * = 48. So the last usable IP address would be: 201.222.5.207. f) The broadcast address for this subnet would be one less than the last usable IP address, which is: 201.222.5.206.
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