Answer / km jyoti saini

In Calorimertry there is transfer of heat from not bodies to cold bodies till both acquire the same temperature. The heat given by hot bodies is taken up by colder bodies during the same period provided there is no addition or loss of heat. By principle of conservation of energy

Heat gained= Heat lost

Vaporization and Condensation:-The process of change of substance from liquid to the vapour or gaseous state is known as vaporization

Evaporation:-In this process, vaporization takes place only at the surface of the liquid at all temperatures while in boiling vaporization takes place throughout the whole mass of the liquid including its surface at a fixed temperature.

Refrigerator:-Refrigeration principle is the application of the effect of cold caused by evaporation of a liquid. The substance which produces cold by evaporation is called refrigerant. A refrigerant is a substance which must be in the vapour state at the working temperature and should be capable of being converted into liquid at the same temperature by application of pressure alone. Commonly used refrigerants are ammonia, Freon, carbon dioxide and methyl chloride. The criteria of a refrigerant are:

I. It should have a large heat of evaporation.

II. Its vapours should have a small specific volume

III. It should be non-inflammable and non-toxic. It should not have a chemical reaction with the machinery involved

IV. It should have sufficient vapour pressure at the temperature of the evaporator so that the atmospheric air may not be sucked in through any leakage

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