What is difference between Base and Nucleophile?

Answer Posted / msaqibtheumerkhel

Base is a specie that donates an electron pair or extracts a proton from other molecule. A neucleophile is a specie that attack on positive or electron deficient site. Both base and neucleophile have excess of electrons. They may be negatively charged, neutral or partial negative portion of a polar molecule. The main difference between them is that a base extract H from other molecule and neucleophile attaches to the molecule itself. It should be moved that a strong neucleophile is a weak base and vice versa e.g. Chloride is a strong neucleophile due to its small size and electronegative nature but it is a weak base because it does not give electron pair easily (outermost electrons are tightly bound due to small size). Similarly, Iodide is a strong base but weak neucleophile due to large size.

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