Topic :: Density
BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 14.1 : In differential centrifugation of cells with diameter D in centimeter, the square of D is given by D x D = [18n ln (RF / RI) ] / [ (RP - RFF) Wt ] where n is the fluid viscosity (poise), RF is the final radius of rotation (cm), RI is the initial radius of rotation (cm), RP is cell density (g / ml), RFF is the fluid density (g/ml), W the square for the rotational velocity in (radians / s) (radians / s), t is the time required to sediment from RI to RF (s). Derive an equation for W as a function for D, n, RF, RI, RP, RFF and t, with the stated units above, in radian & degree.
1 1669BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING - EXAMPLE 14.2 : An aqueous solution with 2.5 g of a protein dissolved in 600 cubic centimeters of a solution at 20 degree Celsius was placed in a container that has a water-permeable membrane. Water permeated through the membrane until the h - level of the solution was 0.9 cm above the pure water. (a) Calculate the absolute temperature of the solution, T in Kelvin, where T (Kelvin) = T (degree Celsius) + 273.15. (b) Calculate the osmotic pressure, P of the solution by using the formula P = hrg where h is level of the solution, r is density of water with 1000 kg per cubic meter, g = 9.81 N / kg as gravitational acceleration. (c) Calculate the concentration of the protein solution, C in kg / cubic meter. (d) Calculate the molecular weight of the protein, (MW) = CRT / P where R = 8.314 Pa cubic meter / (mol K) as ideal gas constant.
1 1819FOOD ENGINEERING - QUESTION 23.3 : (a) In the measurement of the browning (optical density) of fruit juice at 10 day interval, the following pairs of data are obtained with time t in days and browning or optical density (OD) : t = 0, OD = 0.05; t = 10, OD = 0.071; t = 20, OD = 0.089; t = 30, OD = 0.11; t = 40, OD = 0.128; t = 50, OD = 0.149; t = 60, OD = 0.17. (i) By using Excel or other programs, determine if such browning reaction can be characterised by pseudo zero order kinetics, with strong correlations between the data pairs of t and OD. (ii) When OD = 0.24, the shelf life T of such juice is expired. Calculate the value of T. (b) Let food cost percentage = ( food cost / food sales ) x 100. If total food cost of bread and butter are $25, food cost percentage of bread is 50 % and for butter is 50 %, find the total food sales of bread and butter.
1 1549POLYMER ENGINEERING - QUESTION 24.2 : Let C% be the fractional crystallinity, Rs = density of sample, Ra = density of amorphous form and Rc = density of crystalline form. In a polymer, these unknowns could be related by the equation C% = (Rc / Rs) (Rs - Ra) / (Rc - Ra). (a) Find the equation of Rc as a function of C%, Rs and Ra. (b) Two samples of a polymer, C and D exist. For sample C, C% = 0.513 when Rs = 2.215 unit. For sample D, C% = 0.742 when Rs = 2.144 unit. Both samples C and D have the same values of Ra and Rc. Find the values of Ra and Rc in 6 decimal places.
1 1495PETROLEUM ENGINEERING - QUESTION 25.3 : Liquid octane has a density of 703 kilograms per cubic metre and molar mass of 114.23 grams per mole. Its specific heat capacity is 255.68 J / (mol K). (a) Find the energy in J needed to increase the temperature of 1 cubic metre of octane for 1 Kelvin. (b) At 20 degree Celsius, the solubility of liquid octane in water is 0.007 mg / L as stated in a handbook. For a mixture of 1 L of liquid octane and 1 L of water, prove by calculations that liquid octane is almost insoluble in water.
1 1519NATURAL GAS ENGINEERING - QUESTION 26.2 : (a) The Hyperion sewage plant in Los Angeles burns 8 million cubic feet of natural gas per day to generate power in United States of America. If 1 metre = 3.28084 feet, then how many cubic metres of such gas is burnt per hour? (b) A reservoir of natural gas produces 50 mole % methane and 50 mole % ethane. At zero degree Celsius and one atmosphere, the density of methane gas is 0.716 g / L and the density of ethane gas is 1.3562 mg / (cubic cm). The molar mass of methane is 16.04 g / mol and molar mass of ethane is 30.07 g / mol. (i) Find the mass % of methane and ethane in the natural gas. (ii) Find the average density of the natural gas mixture in the reservoir at zero degree Celsius and one atmosphere, by assuming that the gases are ideal where final volume of the gas mixture is the sum of volume of the individual gases at constant temperature and pressure. (iii) Find the average density of the natural gas mixture in the reservoir at zero degree Celsius and one atmosphere, by assuming that the final mass of the gas mixture is the sum of mass of the individual gases. Assume the gases are ideal where mole % = volume % at constant pressure and temperature.
1 1418how to convert Nm3/hr to Kg/hr for air, @ 10.4 kg/cm2.g dischare pressure, does density doesn't affect on calculation?
1 3987A fold density is 19 times greater than the water and for copper it is 9 times.At what ratio you can mix gold and copper to get 15 times denser than water.
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An electron is injected into a region of uniform magnetic flux density with the components of velocity parallel to and normal to the flux. What is the path of the electron?
Does time affect the stomata density of a leaf e.g young leaves, old leaves.?
What is a weighted Defect What is Defect Density
how to suspend a heavy density powder in alcohol
How to Define the defect density?
Re: Sugar Cane Bagasse What are the 1. Specific Heat of Bagasse at 50% moisture, 40% moisture and 25% moisture? 2. What is bu;lk density of bagasse at 50% moisture, 40% moisture and 25% moisture? 3. What is specific gravity of bagasse at 50% moisture, 40% moisture and 25% moisture? 4. What is the specific heat of flue gases generated from boiler fuelled by bagasse? 5. What is the specific gravity of flue gases generated from boiler fuelled by bagasse?
FEINGING DECREASES THE FLUX DENSITY IN THE AIR GAP. HOW?
How do you compute moisture correction using the parameters gathered from Nuclear Density Gauge Apparatus and the moisture contents results from the lab.?
Giraffe in Arabic means "the highest of all." The height of a giraffe is an average of 5 m, its mass is about 800 kg and hooves is an area of approximately 625 cm2. Using a straw from a material nedeformabil a giraffe trying to drink water from a lake, not to condescend. What is the ratio of the minimum pressure to be applied giraffe, mouth, at the end paiului to drink water and pressure of giraffe on the ground. The density of water. g = 10 m/s2
what is the current density of copper & alluminium.
1. transformer design formula ? 2. how to calculate the primary turns and secondry turns ? 3. core types ? 4. how to find the primary current and secondry current ? 5. how to calculate the stacking factor ? 6. range of fulx density ?
1. What happens when too much cylinder oil is injected in the working cylinder? 2. Is the unit and normal value fuel ratio of an average diesel engine? 3. What is the formula for 1 HP of a two-cycle engine? 4. Name the indicator diagram. 5. What are the 3 parts in indicator diagram? 6. What are the causes of damage of diesel engine exhaust Valve? 7. What are the causes of I.O. high temperature in a diesel engine? 8. What trouble could result if the main engine is using a low grade of fuel? 9. What are the causes of liner high temperature? 10. What happen when too much cylinder oil is injected in the working cylinder? 11. How many lubricating holes are there in cylinder? 12. What are the defects in exhaust valve? 13. How do you control cylinder liner wear? 14. How much is the specific fuel consumption of an average diesel engine? 15. Purpose of lubricator in a large diesel engine. 16. Explain how the cylinder lubrication on main engine is done? 17. Explain the function of cooling water expansion tank. 18. Explain the causes of the exhaust valve leakage. 19. What is the purpose of I.O. circulation before and after starting of engine? 20. Names the valve connected in cylinder head of the engine. 21. Name the safety devices of diesel engine? 22. What is injection tag? 23. Explain how to measure crank web deflection? 24. In a 4 cycle engine the intake valve begins to open at? 25. What causes cylinder liner-wear down? 26. What causes diesel engine to automatically stop? 27. What causes crankcase explosion? 28. What do you call the clearing of air inside cylinder after combustion? 29. What is the circulation of I.O. pump of diesel engine? 30. What causes diesel engine trouble when using heavy oil? 31. What causes turbocharger surging? 32. What pressure is highest L.O. Gravity Head or S.W. of the stern tube circulation 33. What is fuel catalytic cracking 34. Contaminants of fuel oil 35. Crankcase oil mist detector 36. Inspection for intermediate shaft bearing. 37. What are the causes of main engine black smoke? 38. Causes of emergency trip of diesel engine 39. What are the causes if one cylinder in a diesel engine has a high temperature? 40. Explain how the lubricating oil circulates in a diesel engine. 41. What are the causes of damage to propellers? 42. What causes friction in the cylinder? 43. What causes damage to impellers? 44. In a four-stroke diesel engine, In what engine exhaust valve will open? 45. How is propeller fitted in shaft? 46. What valves are fitted in a four-stroke diesel engine? 47. What are the automatic tripping devices of diesel generator? 48. What is the purpose of thrust bearing? 49. What is fuel oil viscosity, specific gravity? 50. What are the causes of low compression in the main engine? 51. What do you measure in the banana and mountain diagram? 52. What is a brake horse power? 53. What are the requirements of a good fuel? 54. What is the purpose of a setting tank? 55. What is the purpose of a turning gear? 56. What is the purpose of starting air? 57. What is the purpose of engine preheating? 58. What is the purpose of air blow? 59. What is the purpose of stern tube? 60. Where can you find thermometers in diesel engines? 61. What would happen if there is air in fuel oil? 62. What type of pump is lubricator pump? 63. What is the purpose of piston rings? 64. The advantage of a controllable pitch propeller? 65. Explain the fresh water cooling system. 66. What are the typical indicator diagrams? 67. What is the trunk type and crosshead type piston 68. What is higher IMP or BHR 69. What is the sensitive part of the liner 70. Discuss how to prepare the M/E in the standby condition 71. Explain how to clean LO 72. Explain the principle of Suizer Fuel oil injection pump 73. What is the volume develop by the piston from BDC to TDC 74. Enumerate some trouble of fuel injection valve 75. Causes of M/E high exhaust valve temperature 76. What is the purpose of scrapper ring 77. What are the items to inspect after cylinder liner is pulled out 78. What resistance the ship encounter when the vessel is at sea 79. What will you do in case of scavenging fire 80. Draw the flow of F.O. diagram from service tank to Main Engine? 81. What are the types of cleaning main engine Turbo Charger blower side? 82. What are the causes of main engine Turbo Charger blower side dirty? 83. Sketch the jacket cooling system? 84. What will cause if you run your engine in critical RPM continuously? 85. What are the properties of fuel oil? 86. What will you check if one cylinder of your engine is not like the others? 87. What do you do when in your duty, ME alarm oil mist detect high density? 88. Classification of bunkers? 89. What is the purpose of increasing the pressure on the F.O. system of the engine? 90. What are the advantages of white metal? 91. What is the use of white metal? 92. What is the cause of cylindrical liner overheating? 93. What are you going to inspect or check when you open the crankcase? 94. Draw L.O. system in diesel engine? 95. What is the specific gravity of F.O. and D.O? 96. What is pour point? 97. What is flashpoint? 98. What materials are used for engine propeller? 99. How fuel oil consumed by medium engine? 100. What is the remedy if due exchanging, valve broke out during engine running operation? 101. At 50 Centigrade (Fuel oil) what is its cast? 102. At 50 Centigrade (Diesel oil) what is its cast? 103. What do you call a piston travel from TDC to BDC? 104. What happened if the exhaust valve is leaking? 105. Why and what cause of leak fuel oil in high pressure pipe of main engine? 106. What device installed in the F.O. system when excess oil return to drain tank? 107. What parameters to be reported when we send lubricating oil for shore analysis? 108. Heavy fuel oil sulfur content and counter measures? 109. What will happen when engine stays in critical speed of 58-65 RPM? 110. What are the causes of L.O. high temperature? 111. How do you detect starting valve leaks? 112. What are the causes of dirty lubricating oil? 113. Identify the parts of indicator diagram? 114. What are the symptoms of broke piston ring? 115. How much pressure on air reservoir? 116. Name the parts of piston through connecting rod? 117. What are the causes of positive and negative propeller slip? 118. What will be the cause of scavenging fire? 119. What will you do when scavenge fire happened? 120. What do you going to observe, when a diesel engine is running? 121. Where is the expansion tank located? 122. How the F.W.C. system of diesel engine circulate? 123. What is mean effective press? 124. Draw a crankshaft and show the parts? 125. What is the lower part of connecting rod? 126. What should you do before you start the engine? 127. When you will install a new piston ring, what will be the position of it? 128. What is max pressure? 129. What are the things to do when approaching the port? 130. What will be the cause of the loose compression in a cylinder? 131. What is the maximum P-max for a cylinder in M/E. 132. What is the indication of leaking starting valve of an engine? 133. What is the thermal efficiency of a diesel engine? 134. What will be the cause of high temperature in one cylinder of D/E?
WHAT IS DENSITY OF AIR AND PETROL MIXTURE IN 2 STROKE S.I.ENGINE
how to calculate the density for high density concrete ? or is it same as the density of RC?
Why head of a centrifugal pump is independent of density of fluid?.
