Answer / Kailash Chandra Singh

Precipitation is a process in which antigen-antibody complexes aggregate and form insoluble particles (precipitates) when the concentration of the complex exceeds the solubility limit. This occurs due to the attractive forces between the antigens and antibodies, such as hydrogen bonds, ionic interactions, and van der Waals forces, overcoming the repulsive forces between the charged molecules. Precipitates can be visualized using various techniques, such as agar gel diffusion or immunoelectrophoresis.

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