struct Planet { var name: String var distanceFromSun: Double }

struct Planet {

var name: String

var distanceFromSun: Double

}

let planets = [

Planet(name: "Mercury", distanceFromSun: 0.387),

Planet(name: "Venus", distanceFromSun: 0.722),

Planet(name: "Earth", distanceFromSun: 1.0),

Planet(name: "Mars", distanceFromSun: 1.52),

Planet(name: "Jupiter", distanceFromSun: 5.20),

Planet(name: "Saturn", distanceFromSun: 9.58),

Planet(name: "Uranus", distanceFromSun: 19.2),

Planet(name: "Neptune", distanceFromSun: 30.1)

]

let result1 = planets.map { $0.name }

let result2 = planets.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.distanceFromSun }

What are the types and values of the result1 and result2 variables? Explain why.

Question Posted / iosraj

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struct Planet { var name: String var distanceFromSun: Double } let planets = [ ..

Answer / iosraj

result1 is an array of strings, containing the list of the planet names result2 is a double, calculated as the sum of the distance of all planets

The map method of the Array<T> struct type performs a transformation of the source array into an array of another type, whose values are obtained by executing the closure passed as parameter to each element of the array. In the above code, the closure returns the name property, so the map method in the above code returns an array of planet names.

Given an initial value and a closure, the reduce method of the Array<T> struct type returns a single value obtained by recursively applying the closure to each element of the array. The closure takes the value calculated at the previous step (or the initial value if it’s the first iteration) and the current array element, and is expected to return a value of the same type of the initial value.

In the above code, the closure returns the sum of what calculated at the previous step, plus the value of the distanceFromSun property for the current element. The end result is the sum of the distances of all planets.

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