Answer / chaitanya

In Prolog, backtracking is a process adopted by Prolog.  When a sub-goal fails in Prolog, the Prolog system moves its steps backwards to the previous goal and tries to re-satisfy it. Backtracking enables Prolog to find all alternative solutions to a given query.

Mention why you have to use “is” instead of “=” in Prolog when it comes to applying calculation logic?

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Which forms can be constructed with the same primitives that manipulate lisp expressions? a) Lisp b) Macro c) Procedure d) Defun

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Mention what is Cut (!) in Prolog and what is the advantage of ‘Cut’ and ‘Negation’?

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 What is the output of the given statement? * (defstruct circle (radius 0)) * (defun area (figure) (cond ((circle-p figure) (* pi (expt (circle-radius figure) 2))))) * (setf circle (make-circle :radius 11)) * (area circle) a) 44 b) 380 c) 382 d) 380.132

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What are the variables that are bound and that have values assigned to them? a) Data b) Variable c) Parameters d) None of the mentioned

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 Which keyword embeds the initial element in an array in LISP? a) Initial b) Initial-content c) Initial-element d) None of the mentioned

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Which creates reader procedures for getting things out of an instance fields? a) Structure in LISP b) Defstruct c) Class d) Object

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 What is the output of the following statement? * ‘(first (first (rest (rest ((a b) (c d) (e f)))))) a) a b) b c) ab d) (FIRST (FIRST (REST (REST ((A B) (C D) (E F))))))

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 Which require sophisticated precedence compputation? a) Superclass b) Multiple Superclass c) Subclass d) None of the mentioned

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Which makes it possible to define generic functions? a) Lisp b) CLOS c) Class d) Object-Oriented programming

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 What is the output of the given statement? * (defstruct person (sex nil) (personality ‘nice)) * (setf person-instance-1 (make-person)) * (setf person-instance-2 (make-person :sex ‘female)) * (setf (person-surname person-instance-1) ‘winston) a) Winston b) Nil c) T d) Error

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 What should be used with structure names with a combination? a) Make- b) Make c) Create d) Deploy

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