can u explain me the way to know the relation between the
active as well as the reactive power acting on an electical
machine under the under excitation as well as over excitation
mode
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Answer / Manoj Kumar Saini
In electrical machines, both active (real) and reactive powers are involved. Active power (P) is responsible for doing useful work, while reactive power (Q) creates a magnetic field necessary for operation but does not perform any mechanical work.
To determine the relationship between active and reactive power under different excitation modes, you can use Power Triangle:
- Underexcitation: As the machine operates below its synchronous speed, the stator current lags behind the voltage (lagging power factor). Here, Q > 0 and P < V*I (cos φ < 1), where V is voltage, I is current, and φ is phase angle.
- Overexcitation: The machine operates above its synchronous speed, and the stator current leads the voltage (leading power factor). Here, Q < 0 and P > V*I (cos φ > 1).
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