What does GMO stand for and what is its role in
biotechnology?
Answer Posted / jayashreeshanmugam
GMO - Genetically modified organism (GMO) is Genetic
material of an organism is altered with the help of genetic
engineering techniques generally known as recombinant DNA
technology. DNA molecules from one source is combined with
the DNA of other in vitro into one molecule to create a new
gene. The recombinant DNA is then transferred into an
organism causing the expression of modified or novel traits.
The product is also known as an Genetically Engineered
Organism or GEO.
Examples Transgenic animals (mice, fish), transgenic plants
(BT Cotton, Flavour Savour Tomato), or various microbes
(fungi and bacteria) . The production and use of GMOs are
ivolved in biology or medicine, for the production of
pharmaceuticals and industrial enzymes, and for direct, and
often controversial, applications aimed at improving human
health (e.g., gene therapy) or agriculture (e.g., golden
rice). For example, a gene from a jellyfish, encoding a
fluorescent protein called GFP, can be physically linked and
thus co-expressed with mammalian genes to identify the
location of the protein encoded by the GFP-tagged gene in
the mammalian cell. The indispensable use of GMO is in many
areas of research, such as to study the mechanisms of human
and other diseases .
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