Difference between synchronous & asynchronous communication.

Answer Posted / abhishek panwar

synchronous transmission, the stream of data to be
transferred is encoded as fluctuating voltages on one wire,
and a periodic pulse of voltage is put on another wire
(often called the "clock" or "strobe") that tells the
receiver "here's where one bit/byte ends and the next one
begins".

Practically all parallel communications protocols use such
synchronous transmission. For example, in a computer,
address information is transmitted synchronously—the address
bits over the address bus, and the read strobe in the
control bus.
Single-wire synchronous signalling

Synchronization can also be embedded into a signal on a
single wire. In Asynchronous transmission
Main article: Asynchronous communication

In one form of asynchronous transmission, there is only one
wire/signal carrying the transmission. The transmitter sends
a stream of data and periodically inserts a certain signal
element into the stream which can be "seen" and
distinguished by the receiver as a sync signal.

That sync signal might be a single pulse (a "start bit" in
asynchronous start/stop communication), or it may be a more
complicated syncword or self-synchronizing code such as HDLC
or 8B/10B encoding.

Other forms of asynchronous communication use two wires for
each data bit (dual-rail encoding) or one wire for each data
bit and a separate timing wire (bundled data). Both of these
require a separate acknowledge wire.

Obviously, the term "asynchronous" is misleading in its
literal interpretation considering that the
resynchronization problem can be easily rectified...

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