Answer Posted / narsimhareddy
Scrum is an agile software development model based on
multiple small teams working in an intensive and
interdependent manner. The term is named for the scrum (or
scrummage) formation in rugby, which is used to restart the
game after an event that causes play to stop, such as an
infringement.
Scrum employs real-time decision-making processes based on
actual events and information. This requires well-trained
and specialized teams capable of self-management,
communication and decision-making. The teams in the
organization work together while constantly focusing on
their common interests.
Scrum involves:
Initial appointment of a project manager called the "scrum
master."
Definition and prioritization of tasks to be done.
Planning sessions for each task.
Daily meetings among teams.
Identification and evaluation of potential project risks
and process pitfalls.
Execution of projects in brief, high-intensity, frequent
work sessions.
Reviews of progress and evaluations of completed projects.
Openness to constructive criticism and ideas for
improvement.
The scrum concept was introduced by Hirotaka Takeuchi and
Ikujiro Nonaka in a 1986 article in The Harvard Business
Review, "The New New Product Development Game" The original
context was manufacturing. Jeff Sutherland, John
Scumniotales and Jeff McKenna are credited with adopting,
implementing and documenting the model for software
development at Easel Corporation in 1993. In 1995, Ken
Schwaber presented an influential white paper at
OOPSLA, "SCRUM Development Process."
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