Answer Posted / r.sarkar

Actually the Earth resistance is measured using "earth
resistance meter". In previous answers some said that using
megger, but megger is used only for high resistance
measurement i.e., in Megaohms but when considereing upon
earth resistance it should not exceed 1ohm so earth
resistance meter is required.

In this meter there will be four terminals(E, P1, P2, P3)
in which E and P1 will be shorted and connected to the grid
or electrode and P2 and P3 are reference electrodes which
will be kept on the earth surface on two different
locations for taking the reference resistances of the earth.

The meter shows the resistance of the earth. But it is
neccessary that it should be below 1ohm.

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