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How are the waters classified based on the degree of hardness?

Answer Posted / Nitin Mohan Singhal

Water hardness is classified as temporary hardness (carbonate hardness) and permanent hardness. Temporary hardness occurs due to the presence of bicarbonates, carbonates, and sulfates, which can be removed by boiling the water. Permanent hardness results from the presence of calcium and magnesium ions (chlorides and sulfates), which cannot be removed by boiling.

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