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compare the variation of bones on the forearm and the
shanks of birds?

Answer Posted / Ram Avtar Sharma

Birds have two pairs of limbs: the wings (which are modified arms) and the legs. The structure of the bones in the forearm (carpometacarpus) differs from that in the shank (tibiotarsus). The carpometacarpus consists of only three bones (metacarpals), while the tibiotarsus has four main bones (tibia, fibula, tarsus, and metatarsus). Additionally, the wrist bones are fused in birds, forming a semi-rigid structure that enhances the power stroke during flight. The shank is more robust to support weight and movement on land.

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