Answer Posted / muhammad jehangir afridi

If the suction pressure at the eye of the impeller falls below the vapour pressure of the fluid bei at the ng pumped,the fluid will start to vaporize.
Any vapour bubbles formed by preessure drop at the eye of the impeller are swept along the impeller vanes by the flow of the fluid.when the bubbles enter a region where local pressure is greater than saturation pressure farther out the impeller vane,then the vapour bubbles abruptly collapse..this phenomena is called cavitation...
It creates noise,vibration and damage to many of the components, a loss in the pump efficiency etc..

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