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Anti aliasing filter reduces errors due to aliasing. If a
signal is sampled at 8 kS/S, the max frequency of the input
should be 4 kHz. Otherwise, aliasing errors will result.
Typically a 3.4kHz will have an image of 4.6 khz, and one
uses a sharp cut off filter with gain of about 1 at 3.4kHz
and gain of about 0.01 at 4.6 kHz to effectively guard
against aliasing. Thus one does not quite choose max
frequency as simply fs/2 where fs is sampling frequency.
One has to have a guard band of about 10% of this fmax, and
chooses max signal frequency as 0.9*fs/2

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