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what is the difference between where clause and having clause
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Answer Posted / sriram
WHERE clause is used to impose condition on SELECT
statement as well as single row function and is used before
GROUP BY clause where as HAVING clause is used to impose
condition on GROUP Function and is used after GROUP BY
clause in the query
WHERE applies to rows HAVING applies to summarized rows
(summarized with GROUP BY) if you wanted to find the
average salary in each department GREATER than 333 you
would code:
SELECT DEPARTMENT AVG(SALARY)
FROM EMP
WHERE DEPARTMENT > 333
GROUP BY DEPARTMENT
IF you then wanted to filter the intermediate result to
contain departments where the average salary was greater
that 50 000 you would code:
SELECT DEPARTMENT AVG(SALARY)
FROM EMP
WHERE DEPARTMENT > 333
GROUP BY DEPARTMENT
HAVING AVG(SALARY) > 50000.
Where executes first
GROUP BY next
and finally HAVING
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