Answer Posted / rajiv trivedi

IDoc or Intermediate Document is a standard SAP document
exchange format. IDocs allow different application systems
to be linked via a message-based interface. The IDoc
interface consists of the definition of a data structure
(where the data structure is the IDoc) and a processing
logic for this data structure. There are three main aims
behind the use of IDocs:

The structured exchange of business documents so that they
can be processed automatically.
The various degrees of structural complexity as displayed
by different application systems can be reduced to a
structure which is as simple as possible.
Example: The structure of an SAP application document and
the structure of the corresponding EDI message under the
UN/EDIFACT standard.
IDocs allow for extensive exception handling before the
data is posted to the application.

The IDoc interface function is under Tools ® IDoc
Interface/ALE in the SAP menu.



It is described below:

· Processing IDocs

Describes the various inbound and outbound processing paths
and status processing. This section is intended for both
administrators and end users.

· Configuring Ports .

Describes the technical link to the external system, right
down to the operating system level. Ports must be
configured before data exchange with the external system
can take place. This section is intended for administrators.

· Defining a Partner

The partner profiles are a further prerequisite for data
exchange. This involves defining who can exchange messages
with the SAP System and using which port. This section is
intended for administrators.

· Processing Tests

The IDoc Interface provides tools for testing IDoc
processing. These tests should be performed when new
messages are used and when new IDoc types are defined.This
section is intended for administrators.

· Monitoring

Both passive (display processing) and active (dispatch
warnings and notes) monitoring functions are documented
here. This section is intended for both administrators and
application end users.

· Archiving IDocs

The options available for archiving IDocs are described
here. This section is intended for administrators.

· Structure, Documentation and Definition of IDoc
Types

Customer extensions to IDoc types are described here. This
section is intended for developers and administrators.

General configuration
· Additional Settings

There are other ways of configuring the working environment
for your IDoc Interface, although this is not usually
necessary. These options are listed here. This section is
intended for administrator

Application Link Enabling ensures a distributed but
integrated SAP installation. It comprises the controlled
exchange of business messages and consistent data
management in loosely-linked SAP application systems.

Functions
Applications are integrated by synchronous and asynchronous
communication, not in a central database.

Application Link Enabling has three layers:

· Application services

· Distribution services

· Communication services

For further information, see:

· ALE Integration Technology

· Technical Background of ALE Business Processes

· Modeling Distribution

· Setting-Up Communication

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