Interested to Buy Any Domain ? << Click Here >> for more details...
Answer Posted / denny abraham
There is no consensus on a definition of urban poverty but
two broad complementary approaches are prevalent: economic
and anthropological interpretations. Conventional economic
definitions use income2 or consumption complemented by a
range of other social indicators such as life expectancy,
infant mortality, nutrition, the proportion of the household
budget spent on food, literacy, school enrolment rates,
access to health clinics or drinking water, to classify poor
groups against a common index of material welfare.
Alternative interpretations developed largely by rural
anthropologists and social planners working with rural
communities in the third world allow for local variation in
the meaning of poverty, and expand the definition to
encompass perceptions of non-material deprivation and social
differentiation (Wratten 1995; Satterthwaite 1995a).
Anthropological studies of poverty have shown that people’s
own conceptions of disadvantage often differ from those of
professional experts. Great value is attached to qualitative
dimensions More generally, there has been a widening of the
debates on poverty to include more subjective definitions
such as vulnerability, entitlement and social exclusion.
These concepts have been useful for analysing what increases
the risk of poverty and the underlying reasons why people
remain in poverty. Vulnerability is not synonymous with
poverty, but refers to defencelessness, insecurity and
exposure to risk, shocks and stress. Vulnerability is
reduced by assets, such as: human investment in health and
education; productive assets including houses and domestic
equipment; access to community infrastructure; stores of
money, jewellery and gold; and claims on other households,
patrons, the government and international community for
resources at times of need (Chambers 1995, cited by Wratten
1995). Entitlement refers to the complex ways in which
individuals or households command resources which vary
between people over time in response to shocks and long-term
trends. Social exclusion is seen as a state of ill-being and
disablement or disempowerment, inability which individuals
and groups experience. It is manifest in ‘patterns of social
relationships in which individuals and groups are denied
access to goods, services, activities and resources which
are associated with citizenship’ (ILO 1996).
| Is This Answer Correct ? | 20 Yes | 26 No |
Post New Answer View All Answers
By mistake tds on salary short deducted and this mistake find to TDS officer and told the staff after one year that deposit the amount with interest through TAN. what these amount deposit through employee pan or tan. pls. suggest the right way. dharmendra tandon, Lucknow
I want to know the total number of all type bank & branches present in india & Total Number of ATm Present in india
hi i m shortlisted for icici po and im having gd on sep 8 plz send me gd tpoics to my mail sirishanidadavolu@ymail.com
what is the difference between general police and commissionerate police?
i want to know about the bank exam details with the eligibility of 12th standard
sir, i had applied tamilnadu postal assistant in post office.. i got 77% only my hsc mark is 932. may i elect the entrance test.... whats is the previous 2009 selection cutoff mark for postal assistant
Hi, I am vinay. I got shortlist for the post Credit Officer Scale II and interview scheduled on 8th Sep 2010, Bangalore. Please advice on the interview process and questions that may ask at the time of interview. Contact me 8008800824.
what is current
IS ANYONE SELECTED FOR SBI PO? HAVE U GOT ANY DETAILS ABT JOINING?
i also attended clerk interview on 28th and 31st aug,2012.. respectively for iob and indian bank.. may i know the how long it ll take to publish the result
what does group 1 and group 2 exam mean?
How many prime misnisters of paksitan have been dismissed so far
hi I am basavaraj I have got selected in karnataka bank as clerical n I did mechanical engineering.am confused to join as clerical.please tell me shall I go for clerical job.is future good based on clerical.plz tell me the way to grow in bank.plz mail me bas.gat@gmail.com.help me
sir im selected for sbi clericle interview but wrongly i fill obc catagory by mistake and im belongs to gen. catagory m i eligible for interview
i have got 133 in IBPS 2012.I also belong to OBC.Can i get a call from any bank
