1. What are the three services offered by GSM? Explain each of
them briefly.
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•Multiparty Service or conferencing: The multiparty service
allows a mobile subscriber to establish a multiparty
conversation.that is, a simultaneous conversation between
three or more subscribers to setup a conference call. This
service is only applicable to normal telephony.
•Call Waiting: This service allows a mobile subscriber to
be notified of an incoming call during a conversation. The
subscriber can answer, reject, or ignore the incoming call.
Call waiting is applicable to all GSM telecommunications
services using a circuit-switched connection.
•Call Hold: This service allows a subscriber to put an
incoming call on hold and then resume this call. The call
hold service is only applicable to normal telephony.
•Call Forwarding: The Call Forwarding Supplementary Service
is used to divert calls from the original recipient to
another number, and is normally set up by the subscriber
himself. It can be used by the subscriber to divert calls
from the Mobile Station when the subscriber is not
available, and so to ensure that calls are not lost. A
typical scenario would be a salesperson turns off his
mobile phone during a meeting with customers, but does not
with to lose potential sales leads while he is unavailable.
•Call Barring: The concept of barring certain types of
calls might seem to be a supplementary disservice rather
than service. However, there are times when the subscriber
is not the actual user of the Mobile Station, and as a
consequence may wish to limit its functionality, so as to
limit the charges incurred. Alternatively, if the
subscriber and user are one and the same, the Call Barring
may be useful to stop calls being routed to international
destinations when they are routed. The reason for this is
because it is expected that the roaming subscriber will pay
the charges incurred for international re-routing of calls.
So, GSM devised some flexible services that enable the
subscriber to conditionally bar calls.
•Number Identification: There are following supplementary
services related to number identification:
◦Calling Line Identification Presentation: This service
deals with the presentation of the calling party's
telephone number. The concept is for this number to be
presented, at the start of the phone ringing, so that the
called person can determine who is ringing prior to
answering. The person subscribing to the service receives
the telephone number of the calling party.
◦Calling Line Identification Restriction: A person not
wishing their number to be presented to others subscribes
to this service. In the normal course of event, the
restriction service overrides the presentation service.
◦Connected Line Identification Presentation: This service
is provided to give the calling party the telephone number
of the person to whom they are connected. This may seem
strange since the person making the call should know the
number they dialled, but there are situations (such as
forwardings) where the number connected is not the number
dialled. The person subscribing to the service is the
calling party.
◦Connected Line Identification Restriction: There are times
when the person called does not wish to have their number
presented and so they would subscribe to this person.
Normally, this overrides the presentation service.
◦Malicious Call Identification: The malicious call
identification service was provided to combat the spread of
obscene or annoying calls. The victim should subscribe to
this service, and then they could cause known malicious
calls to be identified in the GSM network, using a simple
command. This identified number could then be passed to the
appropriate authority for action. The definition for this
service is not stable.
•Advice of Charge (AoC): This service was designed to give
the subscriber an indication of the cost of the services as
they are used. Furthermore, those Service Providers who
wish to offer rental services to subscribers without their
own Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) can also utilize this
service in a slightly different form. AoC for data calls is
provided on the basis of time measurements.
•Closed User Groups (CUGs): This service is provided on GSM
to enable groups of subscribers to only call each other.
This type of services are being offered with special
discount and is limited only to those members who wish to
talk to each other.
•Unstructured supplementary services data (USSD): This
allows operator-defined individual services.
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