Answer Posted / sofia_savs
A microprocessor -- also known as a CPU or central
processing unit -- is a complete computation engine that is
fabricated on a single chip. The first microprocessor was
the Intel 4004, introduced in 1971. The 4004 was not very
powerful -- all it could do was add and subtract, and it
could only do that 4 bits at a time. But it was amazing
that everything was on one chip. Prior to the 4004,
engineers built computers either from collections of chips
or from discrete components (transistors wired one at a
time). The 4004 powered one of the first portable
electronic calculators.
A chip is also called an integrated circuit.
Generally it is a small, thin piece of silicon onto which
the transistors making up the microprocessor have been
etched. A chip might be as large as an inch on a side and
can contain tens of millions of transistors. Simpler
processors might consist of a few thousand transistors
etched onto a chip just a few millimeters square.
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