what is difference between getchar,putchar functions and
printf and scanf function? does putchar show output only
when input given to it
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Answer Posted / mudra
The standard C library provides several functions and macros for character 1/0. Here we consider the getchar and putchar macros. As these macros read or write a single character, they are typically used in a loop to read/write a sequence of characters.
A macro call is similar to a function call. Thus, it consists of a macro name followed by a comma-separated argument list enclosed in a pair of parentheses. If a macro does not require any arguments, the pair of parentheses must still be used.
The getchar macro is used to read a single character from the standard input stream, i. e., the keyboard. A call to get char takes the following form: getchar (). This macro waits until a key is pressed and then returns its value (after converting to integer). The value returned can be assigned to a variable of type char. However, note that this macro actually reads the data from the input buffer which is processed by program only when the Enter key is pressed. Thus, getchar does not return a value until the user presses the Enter key. As a result, it is not suitable for interactive programs. We can instead use the getch and getche functions which directly read the data from the keyboard.
The putchar macro is used to write a single character on the standard output stream (i.e., display). A call to this macro takes the following form: putchar (c), where c is an integer expression representing the character being written. Although this macro expects an argument of type int, we usually pass a character to it. The argument value (c) is converted to unsigned char and written to the standard output stream.
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