Answer Posted / akash
When a fast flowing fluid in a pipeline encounters an obstruction, it bends its or skids over the encounter. Normally this encounter is known as an orifice. Here, the fluid flow diameter attains its minimum diameter just after the orifice/obstruction. This region is called vena contracta. The exact distance of vena contracta from the orifice depends on variety of factors out of which the velocity of flowing liquid, pipe dimension, orifice dimension (or beta ratio), viscosity are most crucial.
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