What do you mean by 3 dB cutoff frequency? Why is it 3 dB,
not 1 dB?

Answer Posted / john lam

A filter's cutoff frequency is generally, but not
necessarily based on the type of filters, defined at -3dB.
At this point, the voltage of the input has attenuated to
70.71%, or in power form 50%. After this point, the voltage
of the input will drop dramatically rendering it useless.
Therefore the -3dB point is picked as the cutoff frequency
point because of this nature. It's not chosen randomly.

*** Sorry, last one has typo errors by mixing up the two
percentages. This one is correct.

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