what is tertiary winding in transformer?What is its purpose?

Answer Posted / anil prajapati

TERTIARY WINDING

In Δ - Δ, Δ -λ and λ - Δ transformers all voltages are balanced and there is no floating of neutral. The floating of neutral is developed in the case λ- λ connection only. The transformers are sometimes constructed with three windings. The main windings are connected to form λ- λ connection and the third winding known as tertiary winding is used to make a closed Δ (Delta) connection to stabilize the neutrals of both primary and secondary circuits. The tertiary winding carries the third-harmonic currents and zero sequence currents (3I0).
HARMONICS are caused because of use of high flux densities in the core. If the core gets saturated during part of the sinusoidal wave, then secondary wave will be non-sinusoidal. This may be due to inadequate core area or characteristics of core material.
Harmonic currents result in:
1. Higher copper loss
2. Higher Core loss
3. More Magnetic Interference
4. Interference with Communication Systems.
Harmonic voltages result in:
1. Increased dielectric loss
2. Interference with communication systems and resonance between inductance of the winding and capacitance of transmission line.

Importance:
Importance of tertiary winding is given below:
1) To supply small additional load at a different voltage.
2) To supply phase compensating devices such as capacitor for power factor improvement which can work at different voltages.
3) In Delta connected tertiary winding reduces Zero sequence impedance and allow adequate current for operation of protective device in order to limit voltage imbalance which may be produced when in balance in load.
4) It indicate voltage in high voltage transformers.
5) It limits the fault current to flow.

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