Answer Posted / syedmsd84
horn antenna is used for the transmission and reception of
microwave signals. It derives its name from the
characteristic flared appearance. The flared portion can be
square, rectangular, or conical. The maximum radiation and
response corresponds with the axis of the horn. In this
respect, the antenna resembles an acoustic horn. It is
usually fed with a waveguide.
In order to function properly, a horn antenna must be a
certain minimum size relative to the wavelength of the
incoming or outgoing electromagnetic field. If the horn is
too small or the wavelength is too large (the frequency is
too low), the antenna will not work efficiently.
Horn antennas are commonly used as the active element in a
dish antenna. The horn is pointed toward the center of the
dish reflector. The use of a horn, rather than a dipole
antenna or any other type of antenna, at the focal point of
the dish minimizes loss of energy (leakage) around the
edges of the dish reflector. It also minimizes the response
of the antenna to unwanted signals not in the favored
direction of the dish.
Horn antennas are used all by themselves in short-range
radar systems, particularly those used by law-enforcement
personnel to measure the speeds of approaching or
retreating vehicles.
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