working of bucholz relay of a transformer

Answer Posted / pandi tom

The operation of buchholz relay is as follows:

i. In case of slow developing faults within the transformer, the heat due to the fault

causes decomposition of some transformer oil in the main tank. The products of decomposition mainly contain 70 % of hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas being light tries to go into the conservator and in the process gets trapped in the upper part of the relay chamber. When a predetermined amount of gas gets accumulated, it exerts sufficient pressure on the float to cause it to tilt and close the contacts of mercury switch attached to it. This completes the alarm circuit to sound an alarm.

ii. If serious fault occur in the transformer, an enormous amount of gas is generated in

the main tank. The oil in the main tank rushes towards the conservator via the buchholz relay and in doing so it tilts the flap to close the contacts of mercury switch. This completes the trip circuit to open the circuit breaker controlling the transformer.

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