Answer Posted / rama

An important difference between the ...Stream classes and
the ...Reader/...Writer classes is that streams work with
binary data (in other words, raw bytes), while readers and
writers work with character data. In going from one to the
other there's always an encoding or decoding of data
involved.

The en-/decoding step can't be done in a meaningful way
unless one knows what encoding was used. Common encodings
are US-ASCII, UTF-8 and other Unicode variants, MacRoman,
ISO-8859-1 and CP1252. Furthermore, each platform (Windows,
Linux, OS X, ...) has its own default encoding, so if no
encoding is specified, the JVM will choose one - which may
well be the wrong one.

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