how regenerative breaking is done in electrical traction

Answer Posted / thowsif_emerson_csm team

Basics of Regenerative breaking:-

A regenerative brake is a mechanism that
reduces vehicle speed by converting some of its kinetic
energy into a storeable form of energy instead of
dissipating it as heat as with a conventional brake. The
captured energy is stored for future use or fed back into a
power system for use by other vehicles.

Electrical regenerative brakes in electric railway vehicles
feed the generated electricity back into the supply system.
In battery electric and hybrid electric vehicles the energy
is stored in a battery or bank of capacitors for later use.
Energy may also be stored by compressing air or by a
rotating flywheel.

Regenerative braking is not the same as dynamic braking,
which dissipates the electrical energy as heat and does not
maintain energy in a usable form.



Regenerative breaking in Electrical Traction:-

During braking, the traction motor connections are
altered to turn them into electrical generators. The motor
fields are connected across the main traction generator
(MG) and the motor armatures are connected across the load.
The MG now excites the motor fields. The rolling locomotive
or multiple unit wheels turn the motor armatures, and the
motors act as generators, either sending the generated
current through onboard resistors (dynamic braking) or back
into the supply (regenerative braking).

For a given direction of travel, current flow through the
motor armatures during braking will be opposite to that
during motoring. Therefore, the motor exerts torque in a
direction that is opposite from the rolling direction.

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