Why no-load primary current is very small
as compared to full load current in transformer (as 1% of
full load current?
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Answer Posted / jonathan r. lambert
Normally, when power is applied to a transformer the
resulting primary current will be the vector sum of the
primary impedance and the reflected (turns ratio squared)
secondary impedance. However, since the secondary impedance
is infinite at no-load the reflected secondary impedance
will not influence the primary current and the primary
current will be the result of only the primary circuit
impedance. This no-load primary current is referred to as
the primary magnetization current and represents the
current used to excite the transformer's magnetic field
that links the primary and secondary windings - typically
1% to 5% of the full rated load current. Applying a load to
the transformer secondary will result in a primary current
with two components, the reflected secondary current and
the primary magnetization current.
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