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What is the difference between a W/H and an OLTP application?
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Answer Posted / harshad
Workload
Data warehouses are designed to accommodate ad hoc queries.
You might not
know the workload of your data warehouse in advance, so a
data warehouse
should be optimized to perform well for a wide variety of
possible query
operations.
OLTP systems support only predefined operations. Your
applications might be
specifically tuned or designed to support only these
operations.
■ Data modifications
A data warehouse is updated on a regular basis by the ETL
process (run nightly or
weekly) using bulk data modification techniques. The end
users of a data
warehouse do not directly update the data warehouse.
In OLTP systems, end users routinely issue individual data
modification
statements to the database. The OLTP database is always up
to date, and reflects
the current state of each business transaction.
■ Schema design
Data warehouses often use denormalized or partially
denormalized schemas (such
as a star schema) to optimize query performance.
OLTP systems often use fully normalized schemas to optimize
update/insert/delete performance, and to guarantee data
consistency.
■ Typical operations
A typical data warehouse query scans thousands or millions
of rows. For example,
"Find the total sales for all customers last month."
A typical OLTP operation accesses only a handful of
records. For example,
"Retrieve the current order for this customer."
■ Historical data
Data warehouses usually store many months or years of data.
This is to support
historical analysis.
OLTP systems usually store data from only a few weeks or
months. The OLTP
system stores only historical data as needed to
successfully meet the requirements
of the current transaction.
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