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Answer Posted / phool chand
A Copy Constructor constructs a new object as a copy of an existing object of the same type. Frequently copy constructors do a 'deep copy' of the object. X( const X& X_object ){...}; is a copy constructor for class X.
Deep Copy vs. Shallow Copy:
a shallow copy simply copies the contents of an object directly - if the object contains pointers, both the old copy and the new copy contain pointers to the same actual item. In a deep copy, when an object contains a pointer, a new copy of whatever the pointer points AT is created and the new object contains a pointer to the newly created copy of the item.
Why are deep copies important? If you carry out a shallow copy you end up with two pointers to the same item. If that item is an object with a destructor, this generally means you'll end up calling the destructor for that item twice, which will generally cause problems.
Unfortunately, most don't know to ask this question directly: the symptom is generally heap corruption which is hard to track down directly since there it has many possible causes.
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